# las2dem

This tool reads LIDAR points from the LAS/LAZ format (or some
ASCII format), triangulates them temporarily into a TIN, and
then rasters the TIN onto a DEM. The tool can either rather
the '-elevation', the '-slope', the '-intensity', the '-rgb'
values, or a '-hillshade' or '-gray' or '-false' coloring. The
output is either in BIL, ASC, IMG, FLT, XYZ, DTM, TIF, PNG or
JPG format. Additional attributes that some LAS/LAZ files can
store as "Extra Bytes" can be rasterized with '-attribute 0'
or '-attribute 1' or '-attribute 2' ...

For BIL, ASC, IMG, DTM, and XYZ output one typically stores
the actual '-elevation' or '-intensity' values whereas the
TIF, PNG, and JPG formats are usually used for a '-hillshade',
'-gray', or '-false' coloring, or for the '-rgb' raster. The
particular range of values to be color mapped can be clamped
using '-set_min_max 10 100' or can be set '-compute_min_max'.
The color ramps can be inverted with '-invert_ramp'.

An interesting new option rasterizes the length of the longest
or shortest edge around every vertex, which is useful for point
spacing analysis across the surveyed area. Use '-edge_longest'
or '-edge_shortest' to enable these options.

If you use filters such as '-last_only' or '-keep_class 2' you
may use the '-extra_pass' option to first determine how many
points get triangulated. This saves memory.

Closed breaklines can be supplied for hydro-enforcment of
lakes, for example ('-lakes lakes.shp', '-lakes hydro.txt')
but they must form proper closed polygons and have elevations.

Hard breaklines can be integrated for improving the TIN before
it is sampled with ('-creeks roads.shp', '-creeks creeks.txt')
and while they can be open they must also have elevations.

By default the generated raster is sized based on the extend
of the bounding box. If the LAS/LAZ file was generated using
lastile, its extend can be set to that of the tile using the
'-use_tile_bb' option. Any "border buffer" that the tile may
have had is then not rastered. This allows to avoid boundary
artifacts and yet create matching tiles in parallel. The exact
raster extend can also be defined by setting '-ll min_x min_y'
together with '-ncols 512' and '-nrows 512'.    

By default triangles whose edges are longer than 100 meters are
not rasterized. This value can be changed with '-kill 200'. The
value is always assumed to be meters and will be multipled with
3.28 for LAS/LAZ files where x and y are known to be in feet.

Automatically a KML file is generated to allow the resulting
DEM to be displayed inside Google Earth (for TIF/PNG/JPG). In
case the LAS/LAZ file contains projection information (i.e. a
VLR with geokeys) this is used for georeferencing the KML file.
It is also possible to provide the georeferencing information
in the command-line.

Please note that this software does not work in streaming mode 
and is therefore not suited for large LAS files beyond 20 million 
points. Use the BLAST extension (aka blast2dem) which work 
efficiently out-of-core and can process up to 2 billion points 
of LAS/LAZ data into a seamless DEM (optionally tiled on output).


## Examples

(using LAZ file from the .\lastools\data folder)

    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.asc -v
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.bil -v -step 0.5
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.bil -v -nbits 16
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.asc -v -intensity
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.bil -v -intensity -step 2.0

    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.png -utm 17T -v -hillshade
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.png -utm 17T -v -hillshade -light 0 0 1
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.png -utm 17T -v -gray
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.png -utm 17T -v -false
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.png -utm 17T -v -set_min_max 46.83 90 -gray 
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.png -utm 17T -v -set_min_max 46.83 90 -false 
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.png -utm 17T -intensity -set_min_max 0 1000 -gray 
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.png -utm 17T -intensity -set_min_max 0 1000 -false

    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.png -v -hillshade -nrows 200 -ncols 100
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.laz -o dem.png -v -hillshade -nrows 200 -ncols 100 -ll 630300 4834550


    las2dem64 -i *.las -oasc

rasters the elevations of all LAS files *.las with step size 1 and
stores the resulting DEM in ASC format.

    las2dem64 -i *.laz -opng -utm 17T -step 2.5 -hillshade

rasters the hillside-shaded elevations of all LAZ files *.laz with
step size 2.5 and stores the resulting DEM in PNG format and with
it a KML file that geo-references each PNG in GE with UTM zone 17T.

    las2dem64 -i *.txt -iparse xyzi -obil -step 2 -intensity

rasters the intensities of all ASCII files *.txt with step size 2
and stores the resulting DEM in BIL format with 16 bit precision.

    las2dem64 -i lidar.las -o dem.asc -step 2

creates a temporary TIN from all points in the LAS file 'lidar.las',
rasters the elevation values of each TIN facet onto a grid with step
size 2, and stores the resulting DEM in ASC format.

    las2dem64 -i lidar.txt -iparse ssxysi-o dem.bil -step 0.5 -intensity

creates a temporary TIN from all points in the ASCII file 'lidar.txt'
using the 3rd and 4th line entry as the x and y coordinate and the 5th
as the intensity, rasters the intensity values of each TIN facet onto
a grid with step size 0.5, and stores the resulting DEM in BIL format
with 16 bit precision.

    las2dem64 -lof lidar_files.txt -merged -o dem.bil -last_only

creates a temporary TIN from all last returns of all files listed in
the text file 'lidar_files.txt', rasters the elevation values of
each TIN facet onto a grid with step size 1 and stores the resulting
DEM in BIL format with 32 bit floating-point precision.

    las2dem64 -i lidar.las lidar2.las lidar3.las -merged -hillshade -o dem.png -step 5 -keep_class 2

creates a temporary TIN from the merged ground points (i.e. points
with classification 2) of the 3 LAS files 'lidar1.las', 'lidar2.las',
and 'lidar3.las', rasters hillside-shaded TIN facets onto a grid with
step size 5, and stores the resulting grid in PNG format with 8 bit
per pixel.

    las2dem64 -i lidar1.txt -i lidar2.txt -iparse xyz -o dem.jpg -hillshade -last_only

creates a temporary TIN from the last returns of the two ASCII files
'lidar1.txt' and 'lidar2.txt' using the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd, entry on
each line as the x, y, and z coordinate, rasters hillside-shaded TIN
facets onto a grid with step size 5, and stores the resulting grid
in JPG format with 8 bit per pixel.

    las2dem64 -i lidar.las -o dem.tif -first_only -gray -step 2

creates a temporary TIN from all first returns in the LAS file
'lidar.las', rasters the elevation values of each TIN facet with
gray-scale elevation coloring onto a grid with step size 2, and
stores the resulting grid in TIF format with 8 bit per pixel.

    las2dem64 -i lidar.las -o dem.png -first_only -false -step 2 -utm 14T

same as above but with false elevation coloring and output of a KML
file that georeferences the PNG file in Google Earth


Try the following commands for generating some interesting georeferenced
DEMs that you can look at in Google Earth by double clicking the automatically
generated KML file:

    las2dem64 -i ..\data\test.las -false -intensity -o test.png
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\TO_core_last_zoom.las -hillshade -o toronto.png -utm 17T
    las2dem64 -i ..\data\SerpentMound.las -hillshade -o SerpentMound.png


## las2dem specific arguments

-attribute [n]             : use attribute [n] value as output color parameter  
-buffer [n]                : increase tile by a bounding box of size [n]  
-compute_min_max           : computes the range for -gray and -false  
-copy_attribute_into_z [n] : copy attribute [n] value into z  
-cores [n]                 : process multiple inputs on [n] cores in parallel  
-creeks [fns]              : integrate hard breaklines listed in file [fns]{.shp or .txt}  
-edge_longest              : rasterize the length of the longest edge around every vertex  
-edge_shortest             : rasterize the length of the shortest edge around every vertex  
-elevation                 : use elevation as values  
-elevation_feet            : use feet for elevation  
-extra_pass                : do extra read pass to count points (only makes sense when filtering)  
-false                     : false-color based on elevation/intensity (used with PNG/TIF/JPG)  
-feet                      : use feet  
-float_precision [n]       : sets output float precision to [n]{used with ASC/BIL/TIF}  
-force_precision           : force excessive elevation (z) precision  
-gray                      : gray-scale based on elevation/intensity (used with PNG/TIF/JPG)  
-grey                      : gray-scale based on elevation/intensity (used with PNG/TIF/JPG)  
-grid [n]                  : raster with stepsize [n] (the default is 1 or 0.0001 on long/lat coordinates)  
-hillshade                 : color the image with hillside shading  
-ilay [n]                  : apply [n] or all LASlayers found in corresponding *.lay file on read  
-ilaydir [n]               : look for corresponding *.lay file in directory [n]  
-intensity                 : use intensity values  
-invert_ramp               : invert color ramp for output  
-kill [n]                  : do not raster triangles with edges longer than [n] meters  
-lakes [fns]               : respect lines in given shape or text file [fns]{closed polygons with elevations}  
-light [x] [y] [z]         : change the direction of the light vector to [x] [y] [z] for hillside shading  
-ll [x] [y]                : start rastering at these lower left [x] and [y] coordinates  
-nbits [n]                 : use [n] bits to represent the elevation (mainly used with BIL format)  
-ncols [n]                 : raster at most [n] columns  
-nodata [n]                : use [n] as the nodata value in the BIL/ASC format  
-nrows [n]                 : raster at most [n] rows  
-oobj                      : output as OBJ file  
-pit_free                  : run spike-free algorithm with defaults freeze = 1.5, interval = 0.25, buffer = 0.5  
-reversed                  : run spike-free in reverse (from bottom to top)  
-rgb                       : use rgb values if available (only used with PNG/TIF/JPG)  
-scale [n]                 : multiply all elevation/intensity values by [n] before rastering  
-set_min_max               : sets min & max range for -gray and -false  
-slope                     : use slope as output color parameter  
-smooth [n]                : do [n] smooth iterations (typical 2..20; default=0)  
-smooth_short [m] [n]      : smooth "elevation" or "intensity" values by [m] passes and edge length > [n]  
-spike_free                : run spike-free algorithm with defaults freeze = 1.5, interval = 0.25, buffer = 0.5  
-spike_free [m] [n] [o]    : run spike-free algorithm with freeze = [m], interval = [n], buffer = [o]  
-step [n]                  : raster with stepsize [n] (the default is 1 or 0.0001 on long/lat coordinates)  
-tin                       : write output.shp TIN  
-trim_upper_right          : trim upper right corner to one quantization unit  
-use_orig_bb               : raster tile without buffer added by on-the-fly buffering  
-use_tile_bb               : raster tile without buffer added by lastile  
-week_to_adjusted [n]      : converts time stamps from GPS week [n] to Adjusted Standard GPS  

### Basics
-cpu64   : start 64 bit executable (instead of default 32 bit executable)  
-fail    : fail if license expired or invalid  
-gui     : start with files loaded into GUI  
-h       : print help output  
-license : show license information  
-v       : verbose output (print extra information)  
-version : reports this tool's version number  
-vv      : very verbose output (print even more information)  
-wait    : wait for <ENTER> in the console at end of process  

## Module arguments

### General
-buffered [n]      : define read or write buffer of size [n]{default=262144}  
-comma_not_point   : use comma instead of point as decimal separator  
-neighbors [n]     : set neighbors filename or wildcard [n]  
-neighbors_lof [n] : set neighbors list of files [fnf]  
-no_data [n]       : use [n] as the nodata value in the BIL / ASC format  
-no_kml            : avoids auto-creation of KML wrapper  
-no_world_file     : avoid world-file for PNG, JPG, TIF and BIL output  
-stored            : use in memory reader  
-unique            : remove duplicate points  

### Color
-clamp_RGB_to_8bit                  : limit RGB values to 8 bit (otherwise: 16 bit)  
-copy_B_into_NIR                    : copy blue color value into NearInfraRed value  
-copy_B_into_intensity              : copy blue color value to intensity  
-copy_B_into_register [n]           : copy blue color value into register [n]  
-copy_G_into_NIR                    : copy green color value into NearInfraRed value  
-copy_G_into_intensity              : copy green color value to intensity  
-copy_G_into_register [n]           : copy green color value into register [n]  
-copy_NIR_into_intensity            : copy NIR into intensity  
-copy_NIR_into_register [n]         : copy NearInfraRed value into register [n]  
-copy_RGB_into_intensity            : copy weighted RGB value to intensity  
-copy_R_into_NIR                    : copy red color value into NearInfraRed value  
-copy_R_into_intensity              : copy red color value to intensity  
-copy_R_into_register [n]           : copy red color value into register [n]  
-copy_attribute_into_B [n]          : copy attribute [n] value into blue  
-copy_attribute_into_G [n]          : copy attribute [n] value into green  
-copy_attribute_into_NIR [n]        : copy attribute [n] value into NIR (NearInfraRed)  
-copy_attribute_into_R [n]          : copy attribute [n] value into red  
-copy_intensity_into_NIR            : copy intensity into NIR (NearInfraRed) value  
-copy_register_into_B [n]           : copy register [n] into blue color value  
-copy_register_into_G [n]           : copy register [n] into green color value  
-copy_register_into_I [n]           : copy register [n] into NearInfraRed value  
-copy_register_into_NIR [n]         : copy register [n] into NearInfraRed value  
-copy_register_into_R [n]           : copy register [n] into red color value  
-drop_RGB_green [min] [max]         : drop points with green color value between [min] and [max]  
-drop_RGB_red [min] [max]           : drop points with red color value between [min] and [max]  
-force_RGB                          : force the use of the RGB value even if the point format does not support RGB  
-keep_NDVI_from_CIR [min] [max]     : keep NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) from CIR between [min] [max]  
-keep_NDVI_green_is_NIR [min] [max] : keep NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) where green is NIR between [min] [max]  
-keep_NDVI_intensity_is_NIR [min] [max]: keep NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) where intensity is NIR between [min] [max]  
-keep_RGB_blue [m] [n]              : keep points with RGB blue color values between [min] [max]  
-keep_RGB_green [min] [max]         : keep points with green color value between [min] and [max]  
-keep_RGB_greenness [m] [n]         : keep points with RGB greenness values between [min] [max]  
-keep_RGB_nir [m] [n]               : keep points with RGB NIR values between [min] [max]  
-keep_RGB_red [min] [max]           : keep points with red color value between [min] and [max]  
-map_attribute_into_RGB [a] [fnm]   : map attribute [a] by table in file [fnm] to RGB values  
-scale_NIR [n]                      : scale NearInfraRed value by factor [n]  
-scale_NIR_down                     : scale NearInfraRed value down by 256  
-scale_NIR_to_16bit                 : scale 8 bit NearInfraRed value to 16 bit  
-scale_NIR_to_8bit                  : scale 16 bit NearInfraRed value downto 8 bit  
-scale_NIR_up                       : scale NearInfraRed value up by 256  
-scale_RGB [r] [g] [b]              : scale RGB values by factors in [r][g][b]  
-scale_RGB_down                     : scale RGB color values down by 256  
-scale_RGB_to_16bit                 : scale 8 bit color values to 16 bit  
-scale_RGB_to_8bit                  : scale 16 bit color values downto 8 bit  
-scale_RGB_up                       : scale RGB values from 8 bit up to 16 bit (multiply with 256)  
-scale_rgb_down                     : divides all RGB values by 256 (to go from 16 bit to 8 bit numbers)  
-scale_rgb_up                       : multiplies all RGB values by 256 (to go from 8 bit to 16 bit numbers)  
-set_NIR [n]                        : set NearInfraRed value to [n]  
-set_RGB [r] [g] [b]                : set color to [r] [g] [b]  
-set_RGB_of_class [c] [r] [g] [b]   : set RGB values of class [c] to [r][g][b] (8 or 16 bit)  
-switch_G_B                         : switch green and blue value  
-switch_RGBI_into_CIR               : set R to NIR; G to R; B to G  
-switch_RGB_intensity_into_CIR      : set R to intensity; G to R; B to G  
-switch_R_B                         : switch red and blue color value  
-switch_R_G                         : switch red and green color value  

### Coordinates
-add_attribute_to_z [n]             : add value of attribute [n] to z value  
-add_scaled_attribute_to_z [m] [n]  : scale attribute [m] value by [n] and add to z value  
-auto_reoffset                      : puts a reasonable offset in the header and translates the points accordingly  
-bin_Z_into_point_source [n]        : set point source to z/[n]  
-clamp_raw_z [min] [max]            : limit raw z values to [min] and [max]  
-clamp_z [min] [max]                : limit z values to [min] and [max]  
-clamp_z_above [n]                  : limit z values to maximal [n]  
-clamp_z_below [n]                  : limit z values to minimal [n]  
-classify_z_above_as [m] [n]        : for z value above [m] set class to [n]  
-classify_z_below_as [m] [n]        : for z value below [m] set class to [n]  
-classify_z_between_as [m] [n] [o]  : for z value between [m] and [n] set class to [o]  
-copy_attribute_into_x [n]          : copy attribute [n] value into x  
-copy_attribute_into_y [n]          : copy attribute [n] value into y  
-copy_intensity_into_z              : copy intensity to z value  
-copy_register_into_x [n]           : copy register [n] to x value  
-copy_register_into_y [n]           : copy register [n] to y value  
-copy_register_into_z [n]           : copy register [n] to z value  
-copy_user_data_into_z              : copy user data into z  
-copy_z_into_attribute [n]          : copy z value into attribute [n] value  
-drop_x [m] [n]                     : drop points with x value between [m] and [n]  
-drop_x_above [n]                   : drop points with x value above [n]  
-drop_x_below [n]                   : drop points with x value below [n]  
-drop_xy [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2]        : drop points within the [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] rectangle  
-drop_xyz [x1] [y1] [z1] [x2] [y2] [z2]: drop points within the given cube dimensions  
-drop_y [m] [n]                     : drop points with y value between [m] and [n]  
-drop_y_above [n]                   : drop points with y value above [n]  
-drop_y_below [n]                   : drop points with y value below [n]  
-drop_z [m] [n]                     : drop points with z value between [m] and [n]  
-drop_z_above [n]                   : drop points with z value above [n]  
-drop_z_below [n]                   : drop points with z value below [n]  
-inside [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2]         : use only points within the [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] rectangle  
-inside_circle [x] [y] [r]          : keep circle at pos [x] [y] with radius [r]  
-inside_rectangle [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2]: use only points within the [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] rectangle  
-inside_tile [m] [n] [o]            : use only points inside tile at lower-left [x] [y] with size [s]  
-keep_circle [x] [y] [r]            : keep circle at pos [x] [y] with radius [r]  
-keep_profile [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] [w]: keep profile with [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] [w]  
-keep_tile [x] [y] [size]           : keep tile at lower-left [x] [y] with size [s]  
-keep_x [m] [n]                     : keep points with x value between [m] and [n]  
-keep_xy [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2]        : keep points within the [x1] [y1] [x2] [y2] rectangle  
-keep_xyz [x1] [y1] [z1] [x2] [y2] [z2]: keep points within the given cube dimensions  
-keep_y [m] [n]                     : keep points with y value between [m] and [n]  
-keep_z [m] [n]                     : keep points with z value between [m] and [n]  
-keep_z_above [n]                   : keep points with z value above [n]  
-keep_z_below [n]                   : keep points with z value below [n]  
-reoffset [x] [y] [z]               : puts a new offset [x] [y] [z] into the header and translates the points accordingly  
-rescale [x] [y] [z]                : puts a new scale [x] [y] [z] into the header and rescales the points accordingly  
-rescale_xy [x] [y]                 : rescale x y by [x] [y]  
-rescale_z [z]                      : rescale z by [z]  
-rotate_xy [a] [x] [y]              : rotate points by [a] degrees, center at [x] [y]  
-rotate_xz [a] [x] [z]              : rotate points by [a] degrees, center at [x] [z]  
-rotate_yz [a] [y] [z]              : rotate points by [a] degrees, center at [y] [z]  
-scale_x [n]                        : scale x value by [n]  
-scale_xyz [m] [n] [o]              : scale xyz values by [m] [n] [o]  
-scale_y [n]                        : scale y value by [n]  
-scale_z [n]                        : scale z value by [n]  
-switch_x_y                         : exchange x and y value  
-switch_x_z                         : exchange x and z value  
-switch_y_z                         : exchange z and x value  
-transform_affine [a],[b],[c],[d]   : transform input using affine transformation with [a],[b],[c],[d]  
-transform_helmert [m] [n] [o]      : do a helmert transformation with 3 or 7 comma separated parameters [n] ...  
-transform_matrix [r11,r12,r13] [r21,r22,r23] [r31,r32,r33] [tr1,tr2,tr3]: transform input using matrix [r11,r12,r13] [r21,r22,r23] [r31,r32,r33] [tr1,tr2,tr3]  
-translate_raw_x [n]                : translate raw x value by [n]  
-translate_raw_xy_at_random [x] [y] : translate raw xy values by random and max offset of [x] [y]  
-translate_raw_xyz [x] [y] [z]      : translate raw coordinates by [x] [y] [z]  
-translate_raw_y [n]                : translate raw y value by [n]  
-translate_raw_z [n]                : translate raw z value by [n]  
-translate_then_scale_x [m] [n]     : translate x value by [m] and scale by [n]  
-translate_then_scale_y [m] [n]     : translate y value by [m] and scale by [n]  
-translate_then_scale_z [m] [n]     : translate z value by [m] and scale by [n]  
-translate_x [n]                    : translate y value by [n]  
-translate_xyz [x] [y] [z]          : translate point coordinates by [x] [y] [z]  
-translate_y [n]                    : translate y value by [n]  
-translate_z [n]                    : translate z value by [n]  

### Simple thinning
-drop_every_nth [n]           : drop every [n]th point  
-keep_every_nth [n]           : keep every [n]th point  
-keep_random_fraction [m] [n] : keep points by random fraction [m]{0-1}, optional seed [n]  
-thin_points_with_time [n]    : thin points with time, [n] = timespacing  
-thin_pulses_with_time [n]    : thin pulses with time, [n] = timespacing  
-thin_with_grid [n]           : thin points by min grid size of [n]  
-thin_with_time [n]           : thin pulses with time, [n] = timespacing  

### Return number
-change_extended_number_of_returns_from_to [m] [n]: change extended number of returns from [m] to [n]  
-change_extended_return_number_from_to [m] [n]: change extended return number from [m] to [n]  
-change_number_of_returns_from_to [m] [n]: change number of returns from [m] to [n]  
-change_return_number_from_to [m] [n]: change return number from [m] to [n]  
-drop_double                        : drop double returns  
-drop_first                         : drop first return  
-drop_first_of_many                 : drop first of many returns  
-drop_last                          : drop last return  
-drop_last_of_many                  : drop last of many returns  
-drop_middle                        : drop middle returns  
-drop_number_of_returns [n]         : drop points with [n] number of returns  
-drop_quadruple                     : drop quadruple returns  
-drop_quintuple                     : drop quintuple returns  
-drop_return [m] [n]...             : drop points with return [m] [n]...  
-drop_return_mask [n]               : drop points with return mask [n]  
-drop_second_last                   : drop points with second last return  
-drop_single                        : drop points with single return  
-drop_triple                        : drop points with triple return  
-first_only                         : use first return only  
-keep_double                        : keep double returns  
-keep_first                         : keep first return  
-keep_first_of_many                 : keep first of many returns  
-keep_last                          : keep last return  
-keep_last_of_many                  : keep last of many returns  
-keep_middle                        : keep mittle returns  
-keep_number_of_returns [n]         : keep points with [n] number of returns  
-keep_quadruple                     : keep quadruple returns  
-keep_quintuple                     : keep quintuple returns  
-keep_return [m] [n]...             : keep points with return [m] [n]...  
-keep_return_mask [n]               : keep points with return mask [n]  
-keep_second_last                   : keep points with second last return  
-keep_single                        : keep points with single return  
-keep_triple                        : keep points with triple return  
-last_only                          : use last return only  
-repair_zero_returns                : sets return counts and number of returns that are zero to one  
-set_extended_number_of_returns [n] : set extended number of returns to [n]  
-set_extended_return_number [n]     : set extended return number to [n]  
-set_number_of_returns [n]          : set number of returns to [n]  
-set_return_number [n]              : set return number to [n]  

### Scanline
-drop_scan_direction [n]       : drop points with scan direction [n]  
-faf                           : input files are flightlines. do ***NOT*** use this for tiled input  
-faf_index [n]                 : set files are flightlines index [n]  
-files_are_flightlines         : input files are flightlines. do ***NOT*** use this for tiled input  
-keep_edge_of_flight_line      : keep points with "Edge of Flight Line" flag set  
-keep_scan_direction_change    : keep points with changed scan direction flag  
-set_edge_of_flight_line [0/1] : set "Edge of Flight Line" flag to [0/1]  
-set_scan_direction_flag [0/1] : set scan direction flag to [0/1]  

### Scanner channel
-copy_scanner_channel_into_point_source: copy scanner channel into point_source  
-copy_scanner_channel_into_user_data: copy scanner channel into user data  
-copy_user_data_into_scanner_channel: copy user data into scanner channel  
-drop_scanner_channel [n]           : drop points with scanner channel [n]  
-keep_scanner_channel [n]           : keep points with scanner channel [n]  
-merge_scanner_channel_into_point_source: merge scanner channel to point source  
-set_extended_scanner_channel [n]   : set extended scanner channel to [n]  
-set_scanner_channel [n]            : set scanner channel to [n]  
-split_scanner_channel_from_point_source: split scanner channel from point source and save as extended scanner channel  

### Source ID
-apply_file_source_ID               : copy file source ID to target  
-bin_Z_into_point_source [n]        : set point source to z/[n]  
-bin_abs_scan_angle_into_point_source [n]: set point source to scan_angle/[n]  
-bin_gps_time_into_point_source [n] : set point source to gps/[n]  
-change_point_source_from_to [m] [n]: change point source from [m] to [n]  
-copy_attribute_into_point_source [n]: copy attribute [n] value into point source  
-copy_classification_into_point_source: copy classification to point source  
-copy_point_source_into_register [n]: copy point source into register [n]  
-copy_register_into_point_source [n]: copy register [n] to point source  
-copy_scanner_channel_into_point_source: copy scanner channel into point_source  
-copy_user_data_into_point_source   : copy user data into point source  
-drop_point_source [n]              : drop points with point source [n]  
-drop_point_source_above [n]        : drop points with with point source above [n]  
-drop_point_source_below [n]        : drop points with with point source below [n]  
-drop_point_source_between [m] [n]  : drop points with with point source between [n] and [m]  
-keep_point_source [n]              : keep points with point source [n]  
-keep_point_source_between [m] [n]  : keep points with with point source between [n] and [m]  
-map_point_source [fnm]             : set the point source by map in file [fnm]  
-merge_scanner_channel_into_point_source: merge scanner channel to point source  
-set_point_source [n]               : set point source to [n]  
-split_scanner_channel_from_point_source: split scanner channel from point source and save as extended scanner channel  

### User data
-add_scaled_attribute_to_user_data [m] [n]: scale attribute [m] value by [n] and add to user data  
-change_user_data_from_to [m] [n]   : change user data from [m] to [n]  
-copy_attribute_into_user_data [n]  : copy attribute [n] value into user data field  
-copy_classification_into_user_data : copy classification to user data  
-copy_register_into_user_data [n]   : copy register [n] to user data  
-copy_scanner_channel_into_user_data: copy scanner channel into user data  
-copy_user_data_into_attribute [n]  : copy user data into attribute [n] value  
-copy_user_data_into_classification : copy user data into classification  
-copy_user_data_into_point_source   : copy user data into point source  
-copy_user_data_into_register [n]   : copy user data to register [n]  
-copy_user_data_into_scanner_channel: copy user data into scanner channel  
-copy_user_data_into_z              : copy user data into z  
-drop_user_data [n]                 : drop points with user data value of [n]  
-drop_user_data_above [n]           : drop points with user data value above [n]  
-drop_user_data_below [n]           : drop points with user data value below [n]  
-drop_user_data_between [m] [n]     : drop points with user data between [m] and [n]  
-keep_user_data [n]                 : keep points with user data value of [n]  
-keep_user_data_above [n]           : keep points with user data value above [n]  
-keep_user_data_below [n]           : keep points with user data value below [n]  
-keep_user_data_between [m] [n]     : keep points with user data between [m] and [n]  
-map_user_data [fnm]                : set the user data by map in file [fnm]  
-scale_user_data [n]                : scale user data by [n]  
-set_user_data [n]                  : sets all user_data fields to [n]  

### Classification
-change_class_from_to [m] [n]       : change classification from [m] to [n]  
-change_classification_from_to [m] [n]: change classification from [m] to [n]  
-change_extended_class_from_to [m] [n]: change extended class from [m] to [n]  
-change_extended_classification_from_to [m] [n]: change extended class from [m] to [n]  
-classify_attribute_above_as [m] [n] [o]: for attribute [m] with value above [n] set class to [o]  
-classify_attribute_below_as [m] [n] [o]: for attribute [m] with value below [n] set class to [o]  
-classify_attribute_between_as [m] [n] [o] [p]: for attribute [m] with value between [n] and [o] set class to [p]  
-classify_intensity_above_as [m] [n]: for intensity value above [m] set class to [n]  
-classify_intensity_below_as [m] [n]: for intensity value below [m] set class to [n]  
-classify_intensity_between_as [m] [n] [o]: for intensity value between [m] and [n] set class to [o]  
-classify_z_above_as [m] [n]        : for z value above [m] set class to [n]  
-classify_z_below_as [m] [n]        : for z value below [m] set class to [n]  
-classify_z_between_as [m] [n] [o]  : for z value between [m] and [n] set class to [o]  
-copy_classification_into_point_source: copy classification to point source  
-copy_classification_into_user_data : copy classification to user data  
-copy_intensity_into_classification : copy intensity to classification  
-copy_user_data_into_classification : copy user data into classification  
-drop_class [m] [n] [o]...          : drop points with class in [m][n][o]...  
-drop_classification [m] [n] [o]... : drop points with class in [m][n][o]...  
-drop_classification_mask [n]       : drop points with classification mask matches [n]  
-drop_extended_class [m] [n]...     : drop extended class [m] [n]...  
-drop_extended_classification [n]   : drop points with extended classification [n]  
-drop_extended_classification_mask [a] [b] [c] [d] [e] [f] [g] [h]: drop points with extended classification mask matches [a] [b] [c] [d] [e] [f] [g] [h]  
-keep_class [m] [n] [o]...          : keep points with class in [m][n][o]...  
-keep_classification [m] [n] [o]... : keep points with class in [m][n][o]...  
-keep_classification_mask [n]       : keep points with classification mask matches [n]  
-keep_extended_class [m] [n]...     : keep extended class [m] [n]...  
-keep_extended_classification [n]   : keep points with extended class [n]  
-move_ancient_to_extended_classification: move old data to extended classification  
-set_RGB_of_class [c] [r] [g] [b]   : set RGB values of class [c] to [r][g][b] (8 or 16 bit)  
-set_classification [n]             : set classification to [n]  
-set_extended_classification [n]    : set extended classification to [n]  

### Extra byte
-add_attribute_to_z [n]             : add value of attribute [n] to z value  
-add_scaled_attribute_to_user_data [m] [n]: scale attribute [m] value by [n] and add to user data  
-add_scaled_attribute_to_z [m] [n]  : scale attribute [m] value by [n] and add to z value  
-classify_attribute_above_as [m] [n] [o]: for attribute [m] with value above [n] set class to [o]  
-classify_attribute_below_as [m] [n] [o]: for attribute [m] with value below [n] set class to [o]  
-classify_attribute_between_as [m] [n] [o] [p]: for attribute [m] with value between [n] and [o] set class to [p]  
-copy_attribute_into_B [n]          : copy attribute [n] value into blue  
-copy_attribute_into_G [n]          : copy attribute [n] value into green  
-copy_attribute_into_I [n]          : copy attribute [n] value into intensity  
-copy_attribute_into_NIR [n]        : copy attribute [n] value into NIR (NearInfraRed)  
-copy_attribute_into_R [n]          : copy attribute [n] value into red  
-copy_attribute_into_intensity [n]  : copy attribute [n] value into intensity  
-copy_attribute_into_point_source [n]: copy attribute [n] value into point source  
-copy_attribute_into_register [m] [n]: copy attribute [m] value into register [m]  
-copy_attribute_into_user_data [n]  : copy attribute [n] value into user data field  
-copy_attribute_into_x [n]          : copy attribute [n] value into x  
-copy_attribute_into_y [n]          : copy attribute [n] value into y  
-copy_intensity_into_attribute [n]  : copy intensity to attribute [n] value  
-copy_register_into_attribute [m] [n]: copy register [m] to attribute [n] value  
-copy_user_data_into_attribute [n]  : copy user data into attribute [n] value  
-copy_z_into_attribute [n]          : copy z value into attribute [n] value  
-drop_attribute_above [m] [n]       : drop points with attribute [m] value > [n]  
-drop_attribute_below [m] [n]       : drop points with attribute [m] value < [n]  
-drop_attribute_between [m] [n] [o] : drop points with attribute [m] in range [n]...[o]  
-iadd_attribute [m] [n] [o] [p] [q] [r] [s] [t]: adds a new "extra_byte" attribute of data_type [m] name [n] description [o]; optional: scale[p] offset [q] pre_scale [r] pre_offset [s] no_data_value [t]  
-iadd_extra [m] [n] [o] [p] [q] [r] [s] [t]: adds a new "extra_byte" attribute of data_type [m] name [n] description [o]; optional: scale[p] offset [q] pre_scale [r] pre_offset [s] no_data_value [t]  
-keep_attribute_above [m] [n]       : keep points with attribute [m] value > [n]  
-keep_attribute_below [m] [n]       : keep points with attribute [m] value < [n]  
-keep_attribute_between [m] [n] [o] : keep points with attribute [m] in range [n]...[o]  
-load_attribute_from_text [m] [fnt] : load attribute [m] from file [fnt]  
-map_attribute_into_RGB [a] [fnm]   : map attribute [a] by table in file [fnm] to RGB values  
-scale_attribute [m] [n]            : scale attribute [m] by [n]  
-set_attribute [m] [n]              : set attribute [m] with value [n]  
-translate_attribute [m] [n]        : translate attribute [n] by [n]  

### Flags
-drop_keypoint                   : drop points flaged as keypoint  
-drop_overlap                    : drop points flaged as overlap  
-drop_scan_direction [n]         : drop points with scan direction [n]  
-drop_synthetic                  : drop points flaged as synthetic  
-drop_withheld                   : drop points flaged as withheld  
-keep_edge_of_flight_line        : keep points with "Edge of Flight Line" flag set  
-keep_keypoint                   : keep points flaged as keypoint  
-keep_overlap                    : keep points flaged as overlap  
-keep_scan_direction_change      : keep points with changed scan direction flag  
-keep_synthetic                  : keep points flaged as synthetic  
-keep_withheld                   : keep points flaged as withheld  
-set_edge_of_flight_line [0/1]   : set "Edge of Flight Line" flag to [0/1]  
-set_extended_overlap_flag [0/1] : set extended overlap flag to [0/1]  
-set_keypoint_flag [0/1]         : set keypoint flag to [0/1]  
-set_overlap_flag [0/1]          : set overlap flag to [0/1]  
-set_scan_direction_flag [0/1]   : set scan direction flag to [0/1]  
-set_synthetic_flag [0/1]        : set synthetic flag to [0/1]  
-set_withheld_flag [0/1]         : set withheld flag to [0/1]  

### GPS time
-adjusted_to_week                   : converts time stamps from Adjusted Standard GPS to GPS week  
-bin_gps_time_into_intensity [n]    : set intensity time to gps/[n]  
-bin_gps_time_into_point_source [n] : set point source to gps/[n]  
-drop_gps_time_above [n]            : drop points with GPS time above [n]  
-drop_gps_time_below [n]            : drop points with GPS time below [n]  
-drop_gps_time_between [m] [n]      : drop points with GPS time between [m] and [n]  
-drop_gpstime_above [n]             : drop points with GPS time above [n]  
-drop_gpstime_below [n]             : drop points with GPS time below [n]  
-drop_gpstime_between [m] [n]       : drop points with GPS time between [m] and [n]  
-keep_gps_time [m] [n]              : keep points with GPS time between [m] and [n]  
-keep_gps_time_above [n]            : keep points with GPS time above [n]  
-keep_gps_time_below [n]            : keep points with GPS time below [n]  
-keep_gps_time_between [m] [n]      : keep points with GPS time between [m] and [n]  
-keep_gpstime [m] [n]               : keep points with GPS time between [m] and [n]  
-keep_gpstime_above [n]             : keep points with GPS time above [n]  
-keep_gpstime_below [n]             : keep points with GPS time below [n]  
-keep_gpstime_between [m] [n]       : keep points with GPS time between [m] and [n]  
-set_gps_time [n]                   : set gps time to [n]  
-translate_gps_time [n]             : translate GPS time by [n]  

### Intensity
-bin_gps_time_into_intensity [n]    : set intensity time to gps/[n]  
-clamp_intensity [min] [max]        : limit intensity values to [min] and [max]  
-clamp_intensity_above [max]        : limit intensity values to maximal [max]  
-clamp_intensity_below [max]        : limit intensity values to minimal [min]  
-classify_intensity_above_as [m] [n]: for intensity value above [m] set class to [n]  
-classify_intensity_below_as [m] [n]: for intensity value below [m] set class to [n]  
-classify_intensity_between_as [m] [n] [o]: for intensity value between [m] and [n] set class to [o]  
-copy_B_into_intensity              : copy blue color value to intensity  
-copy_G_into_intensity              : copy green color value to intensity  
-copy_NIR_into_intensity            : copy NIR into intensity  
-copy_RGB_into_intensity            : copy weighted RGB value to intensity  
-copy_R_into_intensity              : copy red color value to intensity  
-copy_attribute_into_I [n]          : copy attribute [n] value into intensity  
-copy_attribute_into_intensity [n]  : copy attribute [n] value into intensity  
-copy_intensity_into_NIR            : copy intensity into NIR (NearInfraRed) value  
-copy_intensity_into_attribute [n]  : copy intensity to attribute [n] value  
-copy_intensity_into_classification : copy intensity to classification  
-copy_intensity_into_register [n]   : copy color intensitiy value into register [n]  
-copy_intensity_into_z              : copy intensity to z value  
-copy_register_into_intensity [n]   : copy register [n] into point intensitiy value  
-drop_intensity_above [n]           : drop points with intensity value above [n]  
-drop_intensity_below [n]           : drop points with intensity value below [n]  
-drop_intensity_between [m] [n]     : drop points with intensity value between [m] and [n]  
-iscale_intensity [n]               : scale intensity value by [n]  
-itranslate_intensity [n]           : translate input intensity by [n]  
-keep_NDVI_intensity_is_NIR [min] [max]: keep NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) where intensity is NIR between [min] [max]  
-keep_intensity [m] [n]             : keep points with intensity between [m] and [n]  
-keep_intensity_above [n]           : keep points with intensity value above [n]  
-keep_intensity_below [n]           : keep points with intensity value below [n]  
-map_intensity [fnm]                : set the intensity by map in file [fnm]  
-scale_intensity [n]                : multiply intensity by [n]  
-set_intensity [n]                  : set intensity to [n]  
-switch_RGB_intensity_into_CIR      : set R to intensity; G to R; B to G  
-translate_intensity [n]            : translate intensity by [n]  
-translate_then_scale_intensity [m] [n]: translate intensity by [m] and scale by [n]  

### Raw point values
-clamp_raw_z [min] [max]            : limit raw z values to [min] and [max]  
-translate_raw_x [n]                : translate raw x value by [n]  
-translate_raw_xy_at_random [x] [y] : translate raw xy values by random and max offset of [x] [y]  
-translate_raw_xyz [x] [y] [z]      : translate raw coordinates by [x] [y] [z]  
-translate_raw_y [n]                : translate raw y value by [n]  
-translate_raw_z [n]                : translate raw z value by [n]  

### Registers
-add_registers [m] [n] [o]          : add register [m] and [n] and store result in register [o]  
-copy_B_into_register [n]           : copy blue color value into register [n]  
-copy_G_into_register [n]           : copy green color value into register [n]  
-copy_NIR_into_register [n]         : copy NearInfraRed value into register [n]  
-copy_R_into_register [n]           : copy red color value into register [n]  
-copy_attribute_into_register [m] [n]: copy attribute [m] value into register [m]  
-copy_intensity_into_register [n]   : copy color intensitiy value into register [n]  
-copy_point_source_into_register [n]: copy point source into register [n]  
-copy_register_into_B [n]           : copy register [n] into blue color value  
-copy_register_into_G [n]           : copy register [n] into green color value  
-copy_register_into_I [n]           : copy register [n] into NearInfraRed value  
-copy_register_into_NIR [n]         : copy register [n] into NearInfraRed value  
-copy_register_into_R [n]           : copy register [n] into red color value  
-copy_register_into_attribute [m] [n]: copy register [m] to attribute [n] value  
-copy_register_into_intensity [n]   : copy register [n] into point intensitiy value  
-copy_register_into_point_source [n]: copy register [n] to point source  
-copy_register_into_user_data [n]   : copy register [n] to user data  
-copy_register_into_x [n]           : copy register [n] to x value  
-copy_register_into_y [n]           : copy register [n] to y value  
-copy_register_into_z [n]           : copy register [n] to z value  
-copy_user_data_into_register [n]   : copy user data to register [n]  
-divide_registers [m] [n] [o]       : divide register [m] by register [n] and store result in register [o]  
-multiply_registers [m] [n] [o]     : Multiply register [m] with [n] and store result in register [o]  
-scale_register [m] [n]             : scale register index [m] with factor [n]  
-set_register [m] [n]               : set register [m] with value [n]  
-subtract_registers [m] [n] [o]     : subtract register [m] by register [n] and store result in register [o]  
-translate_register [m] [n]         : translate register index [m] value by [n]  

### Scan angle
-bin_abs_scan_angle_into_point_source [n]: set point source to scan_angle/[n]  
-drop_abs_scan_angle_above [max]    : drop points with absolute scan angle above [max]  
-drop_abs_scan_angle_below [min]    : drop points with absolute scan angle below [min]  
-drop_scan_angle_above [n]          : drop points with scan angle above [n]  
-drop_scan_angle_below [n]          : drop points with scan angle below [n]  
-drop_scan_angle_between [m] [n]    : drop points with scan angle between [m] and [n]  
-iscale_scan_angle [n]              : scale scan angle by [n]  
-itranslate_scan_angle [n]          : translate input scan angle by [n]  
-keep_scan_angle [m] [n]            : keep points with scan angle between [m] and [n]  
-keep_scan_angle_between [m] [n]    : keep points with scan angle between [m] and [n]  
-scale_scan_angle [n]               : scale scan angle by [n]  
-set_scan_angle [n]                 : set scan angle to [n]  
-translate_scan_angle [n]           : translate scan angle by [n]  
-translate_then_scale_scan_angle [m] [n]: translate scan angle by [m] and scale by [n]  

### Tiles
-keep_tile [x] [y] [size] : keep tile at lower-left [x] [y] with size [s]  
-tiles_ns [m] [n]         : create a tiling of DEMs with name [m] with tiles of size [n]  
-tiling_ns crater 500     : create a tiling of DEMs named 'crater' with tiles of size 500  

### Waveform packet
-drop_wavepacket [n]     : drop points with wavepacket value of [n]  
-flip_waveform_direction : flip the waveform direction in the waveform VLR  
-keep_wavepacket [n]     : keep points with wavepacket value of [n]  

### CRS
-aeac [m] [n] [meter/survey_feet/feet] [o] [p] [q] [r]: Albers Equal Area Conic Projection: False Easting [m] False Northing[n] [meter/survey_feet/feet] Central Meridian [o] Standard Parallel 1 [p] Standard Parallel 2 [q] Latitude of origin [r]  
-ecef                               : input is geocentric (Earth-centered Earth-fixed)  
-elevation_meter                    : use meter for elevation  
-elevation_survey_feet              : set vertical units from meters to US survey feet  
-elevation_surveyfeet               : use survey feet for elevation  
-ellipsoid [n]                      : use the WGS-84 ellipsoid [n]{do -ellipsoid -1 for a list of ellipsoids}  
-epsg [n]                           : set datum to EPSG [n]  
-etrs89                             : use datum ETRS89  
-gda2020                            : use datum GDA2020  
-gda94                              : use datum GDA94  
-grs80                              : use datum GRS1980  
-latlong                            : geometric coordinates in latitude/longitude order  
-lcc 609601.22 0.0 meter 33.75 -79 34.33333 36.16666: specifies a lambertian conic confomal projection  
-longlat                            : geometric coordinates in longitude/latitude order  
-meter                              : use meter  
-nad27                              : use the NAD27 ellipsoid  
-nad83                              : use the NAD83 ellipsoid  
-nad83_2011                         : use datum NAD83_2011  
-nad83_csrs                         : use datum NAD83_CSRS  
-nad83_harn                         : use datum NAD83_HARN  
-nad83_pa11                         : set horizontal datum to NAD83 PA11  
-osgb1936                           : use datum OSGB 1936  
-sp27 SC_N                          : use the NAD27 South Carolina North state plane  
-sp83 CO_S                          : use the NAD83 Colorado South state plane for georeferencing  
-survey_feet                        : use survey feet  
-surveyfeet                         : use survey feet as unit of measurement  
-target_aeac [m] [n] [meter/survey_feet/feet] [o] [p] [q] [r]: Albers Equal Area Conic Projection for target: False Easting [m] False Northing[n] [meter/survey_feet/feet] Central Meridian [o] Standard Parallel 1 [p] Standard Parallel 2 [q] Latitude of origin [r]  
-target_ecef                        : output is geocentric (Earth-centered Earth-fixed)  
-target_elevation_feet              : output uses feet for elevation  
-target_elevation_meter             : output uses meter for elevation  
-target_elevation_precision [n]     : output uses [n] (meter/feet) resolution for z  
-target_elevation_survey_feet       : use elevation survey feet as target unit  
-target_elevation_surveyfeet        : output uses survey feet for elevation  
-target_epsg [n]                    : output is EPSG code [n] (e.g. 2193=NZGD2000)  
-target_feet                        : output uses feet  
-target_latlong                     : output is geometric coordinates in latitude/longitude  
-target_lcc 609601.22 0.0 meter 33.75 -79 34.33333 36.16666: specifies a lambertian conic confomal projection at target  
-target_longlat                     : output is geometric coordinates in longitude/latitude  
-target_meter                       : output uses meter  
-target_precision [n]               : output uses [n] (meter/feet) resolution for x and y  
-target_sp27 SC_N                   : output is state plane NAD27 South Carolina North  
-target_sp83 CO_S                   : output is state plane NAD83 Colorado South  
-target_survey_feet                 : output uses survey feet  
-target_surveyfeet                  : use survey feet as target unit  
-target_tm                          : use transverse mercator projection for target  
-target_utm 12T                     : output is UTM zone 12T  
-tm 609601.22 0.0 meter 33.75 -79 0.99996: specifies a transverse mercator projection  
-transverse_mercator                : use transverse mercator projection  
-utm 12T                            : use UTM zone 12T  
-vertical_cgvd2013                  : set vertical datum to CGVD2013  
-vertical_cgvd28                    : set vertical datum to CGVD28  
-vertical_dhhn2016                  : set vertical datum to DHHN2016  
-vertical_dhhn92                    : set vertical datum to DHHN92  
-vertical_dvr90                     : set vertical datum to DVR90  
-vertical_epsg [n]                  : set vertical datum to EPSG [n]  
-vertical_evrf2007                  : set vertical datum to EVRF2007  
-vertical_navd29                    : set vertical datum to NAVD29  
-vertical_navd88                    : set vertical datum to NAVD88  
-vertical_ngvd29                    : set vertical datum to NGVD29  
-vertical_nn2000                    : set vertical datum to NN2000  
-vertical_nn54                      : set vertical datum to NN54  
-vertical_nzvd2016                  : set vertical datum to NZVD2016  
-vertical_wgs84                     : set vertical datum to WGS84  
-wgs72                              : use the WGS-72 ellipsoid  
-wgs84                              : use the WGS-84 ellipsoid  

### Logical
-filter_and         : boolean AND combination of last 2 filters  
-filter_or          : boolean OR combination of last 2 filters  
-filtered_transform : do the transformation only on points of the current filter  

### Input
-i [fnp]        : input file or input file mask [fnp] (e.g. *.laz;fo?.la?;esri.shp,...)  
-io_ibuffer [n] : use read-input-buffer of size [n] bytes  
-iparse [xyz]   : define fields [xyz] for text input parser  
-ipts           : input as PTS (plain text lidar source), store header in VLR  
-iptx           : input as PTX (plain text extended lidar data), store header in VLR  
-iptx_transform : use PTX file header to transform point data  
-iskip [n]      : skip [n] lines at the beginning of the text input  
-itxt           : expect input as text file  
-lof [fnf]      : use input out of a list of files [fnf]  
-merged         : merge input files  
-stdin          : pipe from stdin  

### Output
-compression_quality [n] : set compression quality to [n] for compressable image formats  
-do_not_populate         : do not populate header on output  
-nil                     : pipe output to NULL (suppress output)  
-o [n]                   : use [n] as output file  
-oasc                    : output as ascii file  
-obil                    : output as bil (Band Interleaved by Line)  
-ocsv                    : output as CSV (comma separated value)  
-ocut [n]                : cut the last [n] characters from name  
-odir [n]                : set output directory to [n]  
-odix [n]                : set output file name suffix to [n]  
-odtm                    : output as dtm (Digital Terrain Models)  
-oflt                    : output as flt (Float file format)  
-oforce                  : force output creation also on errors or warnings  
-oimg                    : output as img (Image file) (Win32 only) 
-ojpg                    : output as jpg (JPG image)  
-olaz                    : output as LAZ (compressed LAS)  
-opng                    : output as png (PNG image)  
-osep [n]                : set text output separator as [sep] (see below, only xyz)  
-otif                    : output as GeoTIFF image  
-oxyz                    : output as xyz textfile  
-pipe_on                 : write output to command pipe, see also -std_in  
-populate                : populate header on output  
-target_ecef             : output is geocentric (Earth-centered Earth-fixed)  
-temp_files [n]          : set base file name [n] for temp files (example: E:\tmp)  

### Basics
-help : print help output

### parse
The '-parse [xyz]' flag specifies how to interpret
each line of the ASCII file. For example, 'tsxyzssa'
means that the first number is the gpstime, the next
number should be skipped, the next three numbers are
the x, y, and z coordinate, the next two should be
skipped, and the next number is the scan angle.

The other supported entries are:  
  x : [x] coordinate  
  y : [y] coordinate  
  z : [z] coordinate  
  t : gps [t]ime  
  R : RGB [R]ed channel  
  G : RGB [G]reen channel  
  B : RGB [B]lue channel  
  I : N[I]R channel of LAS 1.4 point type 8  
  s : [s]kip a string or a number that we don't care about  
  i : [i]ntensity  
  a : scan [a]ngle  
  n : [n]umber of returns of that given pulse  
  r : number of [r]eturn  
  h : with[h]eld flag  
  k : [k]eypoint flag  
  g : synthetic fla[g]  
  o : [o]verlap flag of LAS 1.4 point types 6, 7, 8  
  l : scanner channe[l] of LAS 1.4 point types 6, 7, 8  
  E : terrasolid [E]hco Encoding  
  c : [c]lassification  
  u : [u]ser data  
  p : [p]oint source ID  
  e : [e]dge of flight line flag  
  d : [d]irection of scan flag  
  0-9 : additional attributes described as extra bytes (0 through 9)  
  (13) : additional attributes described as extra bytes (10 and up)  
  H : a hexadecimal string encoding the RGB color  
  J : a hexadecimal string encoding the intensity  

### output separator
The '-osep [sep]' argument specifies the output format of a text(xyz) output.
Supported [sep] values:

  comma
  tab
  dot
  colon
  semicolon
  hyphen
  space

## License

Please license from info@rapidlasso.de to use the tool
commercially. 
You may use the tool to do tests with up to 3 mio points.
Please note that the unlicensed version may will adjust
some data and add a bit of white noise to the coordinates.

## Support

To get more information about a tool just goto the
[LAStools Google Group](http://groups.google.com/group/lastools/)
and enter the tool name in the search function.
You will get plenty of samples to this tool.

To get further support see our
[rapidlasso service page](https://rapidlasso.de/service/)

Check for latest updates at
https://rapidlasso.de/category/blog/releases/

If you have any suggestions please let us (info@rapidlasso.de) know.